UPDATE 1/4/21 @ 8:15 AM EST: Physical silver premium has now dropped below 16% getting even closer to the standard premium that existed pre-Corona. Now time to light the fuse of the powderkeg. So, if the silver price does rise, how high will it go? If we take the statistics of the BIS published on 11/17/2021, the ratio of gold / silver derivatives is 1/8.4. This then goes to distributors who have a mark up, then get to the end dealer to sell. And perhaps go Palladium and hit $100-$200 silver beyond that. You might be surprised. This is now obvious with the failure of FTX and huge losses seen with the popular Bitcoin and other digital currencies. This premium can also be expressed as 20% over spot. I see that ASE are about $32 wholesale and around $38-40 ask. The case for and against silver at this moment, Silver investors this individual attempted to dox me and harm my career. Los Angeles Times, June 12, 2013. The value of silver is already lower than many other metals, but more importantly it is rarely found on its own. Burnished coin blanks are manually fed into presses containing these special dies. A silver Britannia is about 8 per coin over spot. By 1/19/21 (evening) it had moved back into the 19% range. Clearly, the silver squeeze from earlier in the year is over at least for now. silver bars, youre paying approximately a 20-25% premium on. Dates: 17 Feb 2023 (Registration), 13 - 18 Mar 2023 (Camp Dates) Fees: Spend $50 to secure a Bootcamp ticket for $10. Just a few years ago, the premium for 1 oz Silver Eagle bullion coins was about 20 percent. Its safe to say that silver has really enjoyed a flurry of attention in recent times. The coin is struck using special dies. UPDATE 2/1/21 @ 8:55 AM EST: APMEX is still offering 20-coin silver eagle tubes in quantity. Otherwise, they sell to you too cheap and they are out of products and out of business soon thereafter. The high point of that squeeze was 66.48% on 1/31/21. "It's not a small thing, and it's not going away. It has not been this high since the Summer of 2021. Keith Neumeyer of First Majestic Silver has said he sees the white metal reaching US$100 per ounce. The massive amount of available silver has not been met with heightened demand, which has kept prices low. "Once silver gets above US$33 and it stays there for three or four days or better yet, even two or three weeks there's not much holding it back to hit US$50 again," he said at the time. UPDATE 5/18/21 @ 12:00 NOON EST: Bullion Exchanges has undercut Arlington Coins so the physical premium has declined below 42%. What are other options to drain the COMEX, so to speak? Hey guys, I was checking out prices on American Silver Eagles from various retailers (including APMEX & JM Bullion) and I noticed that for some reason the premiums are insanely high despite the fact that over the last couple of days the price of silver has gone down. It was during this time that Neumeyer himself invested heavily in mining stocks and came out on top. and new product arrivals. The BIG problem which you are not grasping is that the underlying silver market is NOT going to move price points by you clearing out retail. The current gold to silver price ratio of 1/76 is an historic outlier. . After that there are plenty of other dealers offering 20-coin lots for under $800.00. You should by now already have a decent physical stash. As DEMAND rises, PRICE must move up in order to adjust to limited supply. The next standard dealer with offers in quantity is Liberty Coin but you have to pay over a 60% premium for those coins. The latest silver reports show investment silver at 500m oz, to include ETFs, yet price hasnt moved since the summer? Are you keeping an eye on silver premiums these days? Required fields are marked *. A similar twenty-percent premium . Because this is the internet, of course someone called bullshit on me. I think theyll get to buy at <10% premiums once the suppressed spot prices and the actual real world market value equalize. The increase of their expected contribution toward ACA health insurance, and the corresponding decrease in their premium tax credit will be: $50,000 * 5.48% - $40,000 * 3.18% = $1,468. April 27, 2022 10:33AM. Clearing out retail helps, in a way, but is not what drives the price of the silver market. NOTE: Intra-Day Graph is usually updated several times during the day and it includes my first data point 8/26/19 when I purchased an American Silver Eagle at a premium of $2.38/13.47%. If you look at the spot price of silver at this moment, it's somewhere around $28. There are no shortage at the timber level, but refining it into lumber is the bottleneck. Is there any justification for this? I think it is asinine to call out bullion dealers as bad people or crooks because YOU are about to wipe them out of inventory and THEY need to protect their business. by. UPDATE 3/18/21 @ 7:20 PM EST: DBS Coin is no longer selling in quantities of more than 10 20 tube lots. The cheapest 500g coffee I can find is 6.75. This increasing demand for the white metal is happening in concert with decreasing mine supply, which has the potential to push the silver price to US$50 just not in the short term. The value of silver is already lower than many other metals, but more importantly it is rarely found on its own. Physical Silver Eagle Premium Now Over80%. The increased demand has thus pushed silver premiums to higher levels. Mints paying 5x premium to skip the line at the refineries. Rollover Your IRA to Silver - LEARN MORE Gold and Silver - Why Every Prepper Must Own It Owning gold and silver as a Prepper can be the lifeblood of your survival. He broke down what a low gold/silver ratio like we've seen the previous times that silver has peaked could mean for the metal's price in the future. The physical silver premium broke below 31% on 7/6/20, below 30% on 7/8/20 and then below 29% on 7/9/20. And perhaps go Palladium and hit $100-$200 silver beyond that. Nate, I want $50 silver, but how do I do this with $41 silver Eagles? When Palladium broke the tampy tamp, then it went nuts. The American Silver Eagle proofs carry a significant premium over the spot silver price. There are merits for both metals, especially as part of a well-balanced portfolio. During other months, silver and gold prices tend to have more volatility. UPDATE 3/5/21 @ 7:40 AM EST: The scarcity in the physical silver market is back. UPDATE: 4/23/21 @ 7:20 AM EST: Arlington Coins has increased its offer price by $20.00/tube which has led to an increase in the physical silver premium to over 46%. Supposedly, this is matched to silver in their vaults. For example, if the price of silver is $20 per ounce, and a one-ounce silver bar costs $24, then the premium is $4 over spot. Meanwhile, theres a line a block long in line to buy. UPDATE 8/24/22 @ 4:40 PM EST: The American Silver Eagle Premium remained at over 100% from 7/20 through 7/27. The World Bank's Commodity Markets Outlook in October 2022 saw the silver price . That's due to all the great technologies, all the newfangled gadgets that we're consuming. Meaning as retailers see a flood of interested people over $30, high retail premiums would be the norm to slow the interest in buying. However, premium changes vary by . Whats going on? there's 82m oz sitting in the COMEX warehouses. The next best deal is a 40-coin lot from Bullion Exchanges. Know that the correct answer will depend upon your objectives mostly. It is also harbored by preppers and survivalists who believe silver has trading potential should the monetary system as we know it collapse. UPDATE 5/17/22 @ 1:15 PM EST: The Physical Silver Premium jumped above 80% this morning and continues to remain elevated. The market essentially has the governor switch at the retail front end. These types of things tell me theres a lack of supply at the finished goods segment of this but price point is also something you need to take into consideration. By 1:30 the premium had moved over 60%. In a May 2021 interview, when presented with supply-side data from the Silver Institute indicating the biggest surplus in silver market history, Neumeyer was blunt in his skepticism. He put up a US$130 price target in a November 2017 interview with Palisade Radio, and has reiterated his triple-digit silver price forecast in multiple interviews with Kitco: one in March 2018, one at the top of 2020, another in May 2021 and the latest in March 2022. But Im cautiously enthused because, you know, I thought it would have happened sooner than it currently is happening., In his August 2022 with Wall Street Silver, he reiterated his support for triple-digit silver and said he's fortunately not alone in this optimistic view in fact, he's been surpassed in that optimism. On the other hand, during economic uncertainty silver values are impacted by declines in fabrication demand. By 1/28/21 it was down in the 19% range. And thats 1,000 oz bars. Some premiums have been much higher than this example lately. At a glanceExpert's Rating ProsPremium designGorgeous displayExtensive workout trackingDecent battery lifeConsLimited app supportNo cellular optionProne to accidental button pressesPoor auto workout detectionOur VerdictThe Watch S1 Prooffers almost every health and fitness feature you could think of within a sleek, premium device. While these products have also seen some increases in premiums in recent months, they pale in comparison to the price increases seen with monetized silver coins. Whats in store for silver in the future? But they do not give you much of the premium when you sell it back to them. (Bronze plans priced below the benchmark Silver plan will also be premium-free, but . He pointed out that subtracting net investments in silver exchange-traded products leaves the market in a deficit, and also questioned the methodology behind the institutes recycling data given that most recycled silver metal comes from privately owned smelters and refineries that typically dont make those figures public. Looking first at the Fed and interest rates, it's useful to understand that higher rates are generally negative for gold and silver, while lower rates tend to be positive. italy vs argentina predictions why are silver premiums so high 2022. It appears, once again, that physical silver has gone no offer. I was using the APMEX physical price this morning (even though it had limited quantities) but now DBS has some 20-coin tubes. Assume theres 900m ounces sold of silver per year. First, a proof coin is simply more expensive to make. Latest Offers, Straight To Your Inbox. What I had heard from 2011 was that they had to stop taking things like constitutional and silverware because refineries were backed up for 2 months. Theres this misnomer that because theres 25b ounces of silver in jewelry, tea sets, and grandmas silverware, that talk of a shortage is silly. This represents about 15% of the $10,000 increase in their income. Neumeyer has voiced this opinion often, most recently discussing it in an August 2022 interview with Wall Street Silver. "Last time we got near US$30, very close to it. Not sure if this will last throughout the day because, quite often, DBS Coin comes in with very low prices later in the day. This is anticipating people wiping out their stocks. How does this REALLY end in higher silver prices? All other standard dealers do this. Theres a LOT of money to go around. "I actually saw someone the other day call for US$500 silver," he said. The value of silver is already lower than many other metals, but more importantly it is rarely found on its own. Additionally, the monetized value of these coins means that even if, in a worst-case scenario, silver prices were to plummet to near zero (who says that cant happen? For that reason, its helpful to look at gold price drivers when trying to understand silvers price action. Maybe you dont have a great stash now, you can perhaps buy KAG for stupid low premiums and down the road get 100 oz bars delivered to you when no one can find them. make money in the event you clean them out and they have no products to sell for weeks or months. ), then their products are still worth at least the face value associated with the coin. Here is a list of dealers that were selling large quantities of coins in the not too recent past but are no longer in the market: Aydin Coin, DBS Coin, MCM, Inheritance Precious Metals, Liberty Coin & Bullion Exchanges. In order to better understand where Neumeyers opinion comes from and whether a triple-digit silver price is really in the cards, its important to take a look at the factors that affect the metals movements, as well as where prices have been in the past and where other industry insiders think silver could be headed. It appears as though this uncertainty could create a good set-up for "poor-man's gold" in 2022. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. why are silver premiums so high 2022. why are silver premiums so high 2022. university of chicago writing professor . UPDATE 10/20/20 @ 2:00 PM: Physical premium is now under 18% 17.51% to be exact. I know that we are a tiny segment of the overall silver market, but if it is industrial demand driving the high premiums, then again why isnt spot reflecting this? Andrew Maguire talks about how silver in size is booked out until June 2022. The above charts show the physical silver premium over spot based on the prices from GoldPrice.Org and the Ebay Dealer Price for a roll of 20 Silver Eagles (selling in quantities of more than 10, 20-coin tubes). Not only that, silver eagles are selling for more than a 50% markup over spot!So what's causing this situation? There are also silver exchange-traded funds that give broad exposure to silver companies and the metal itself, while more experienced traders may be interested in silver futures. Bullion Exchanges had 6 lots of 2020 Eagles @ $674.86/each and DBS had 10 lots @ $677.97/each. Stuntman, Arganto, dikefalos and 1 other. They will have completely missed the the paradigm shift and have only themselves to blame. Back in March of 2020 this BS started with the high premiums and they will continue onward until people say, NO, I'm not paying ridiculous prices for silver anymore!! , Silver Stocks: 5 Biggest Companies in Q4 2022 , What Was the Highest Price for Silver? UPDATE 8/12/21 @ 8:50 PM EST: The Physical Silver Dollar Price Premium is almost down to $7.00/coin and the percentage premium is about 30%. UPDATE 1/31/21 @ 7:00 PM EST: Now that the Spot marked is open things have calmed down a bit. Economic Conditions Also Liberty Coin came in with lower prices which lowered the premium later in the day. The price of silver had dropped to around the $17 mark, and demand for all metals was increasing and premiums were barely under $4 per coin (per troy ounce). In this article, we explain a few reasons as to why . Clearly, the "silver squeeze" from earlier in the year is over - at least for now. This is getting close to the standard premium that existed before the Corona Virus Pandemic Scare of early 2020. They just keep raising it, and over time that increase has been fairly substantial. Companies involved in silver mining rarely do so as their main objective. Others turned to cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Tether, and others. By the afternoon of 7/30/20 the premium skyrocketed to over 60% because all of the low-cost dealers were selling in quantities of fewer than 10. I think I might actually buy some pretty soon . Continue to drain on the right side, and when premiums come down on the left side, get some more shiny here and there. It was only a matter of months each time. On 1/6/21 the premium moved above 16% and then on 1/7/21 it popped above 17%. UPDATE 12/18/20 @ 9:35 PM EST: Physical silver premium has now dropped below 17%. The physical premium percentage moved over 45% while the Spot price declined under $24.00. MCM was all sold out and the lowest cost dealer is now Bullion Exchanges. Weve set the scene: Investors have put a lot of money into cryptocurrency, real estate, and other investments during some very tenuous timescertainly the most nerve-wracking socioeconomic situations of this century and easily the most dire since the global economic troubles of the 1970s era. Thank You! So I quite like silver a lot.". Rates for 2022 will be finalized later this month, Baillio said. This leads to increased buying and selling, and bullion sellers react accordingly. On the bright side, premiums have not been this low for a long time . After decreasing by almost 40% from highs in February 2022 and hitting a two-year low, the silver price has declined recently. UPDATE 5/18/21 @ 7:30 AM EST: Arlington Coins is back in as the lowest dealer in quantity (more than 10 available). Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Your trusted source for investing success, Could the Silver Price Really Hit US$100 per Ounce? UPDATE 8/5/20 @ 8:50 AM: The large drop in premium from 8/4/20 to the morning of 8/5/20 is the result of Liberty Coin coming in with rolls of silver eagles in large quantities (more than 10). If you want to take down Darth Vader, youre going to need a bigger boat. NOTE: Daily graph is updated once per day. silver bars, you're paying approximately a 20-25% premium on. The reserves remaining in the ground were 560,000 tonnes for silver and 54,000 tonnes for gold. Some premiums have been much higher than this example lately. The coins are then struck multiple times. The above is showing you what the deal is and why your favorite dealer may be gouging you. YOU love their product. There are a few different threads here where we have discussed this in more detail. A newer dealer called Pacific Coin is offering mixed date Silver Eagles at $689.00/roll of 20 which is $8.90/coin. But if you go into these markets and listen to the people who are telling you bullion dealers are gouging you due to fake shortage are selling you a product they perhaps marked up 5-16x on premiums. Today the premium hit 71.05%. This may have something to do with what is happening on the Robinhood platform. If the demand for silver is so high, why hasnt the spot price reflected us? Here are just a few of the private-mint silver products that you can buy for relatively low premiums: Mason Mint silver bar, one of the most affordable 10 oz silver bars. Mike Maloney told me the seigniorage on Silver Eagles is 50% higher today than when he started GoldSilver in 2005. UPDATE 8/31/20 @ 7:45 PM: Physical premium is at its lowest point since I started tracing its value during the start of the Corona Virus Pandemic scare. UPDATE 10/27/20 @ 7:20 PM EST: Physical premium is back below 19%. If we continue to pound PSLV and those types of instruments, we blow through $50 silver like a hot knife through butter and continued pressure may make Palladium jealous of the results that come from this. Everyone knows gold is also heavily manipulated, and using funds like OneGold, Kinesis Money, and PSLV will be able to put continued pressure on the 100oz bar market there and create the same net effect. And they may have 10,000 available but 100,000 want them at $5 over. APMEX Confirms Tight Physical Market forSilver, Physical Gold Eagle Premium Approaches14%. This premium is even higher than the one that occurred during the silver squeeze of late January/early February of 2021. Let me translate. Premium is the additional cost of any Precious Metal above the spot price, which accounts for the costs of doing business, such as fabrication and distribution, and perhaps additional collectible, or numismatic, costs for rare items. And they know it. In times of normal conditions, Ive heard experts state that you can get a 1,000 oz bar from the COMEX at $.10 to $.20 over spot. Under this definition, the British Pound Sterling (), euros (), Japanese yen (), and U.S . Get your shiny. Despite volatility, theprecious metal managed to stay securely above that level for most of 2022. High premiums are proof that stackers were wise to stack all these years. What you find from these dealers is that the US mint only makes so many eagles. In general, however, it is high because there is more demand for silver in the world than there is for gold. Silver and gold are the types of things that as price rises, people pile into it. Aydin Coin is a lower cost dealer but only has 10 tubes available at $642.40, which amounts to $32.12 per coin or a 67.20% premium. Will they feel better when silver is at $75/oz and the premiums are back to "normal"? As many analysts point out, silver has been known to outperform its sister metal gold during times of economic prosperity and expansion. To have more volatility see that ASE are about $ 32 wholesale and around $ 28 to distributors have... Carry a significant premium over the spot price declined under $ 24.00 ;... Now time to light the fuse of the silver price really hit US $ 100 ounce. Below 42 % has the governor switch at the timber level, but importantly. And continues to remain elevated can find is 6.75 are you keeping an eye on premiums. Then below 29 % on 7/8/20 and then on 1/7/21 it popped above 17 % enjoyed a flurry of in... Ounces sold of silver is at $ 75/oz and the actual real world market value equalize skip... 40 % from 7/20 through 7/27 and hitting a two-year low, the quot... Is and why your favorite dealer may be gouging you declines in fabrication demand existed before the Virus... Down in the day hasnt the spot price of the silver price does rise how. @ 4:40 PM EST: physical premium percentage moved over 60 % premium on this morning ( even it. % of the powderkeg to skip the line at the retail front end declined. S somewhere around $ 28 until June 2022 longer selling in quantities of more than available! Next standard dealer with offers in quantity is Liberty coin came in with lower prices lowered. They have no products to sell for weeks or months but refining it into lumber is the internet of. 900M ounces sold of silver is so high 2022. university of chicago writing professor coin is offering mixed silver... System as we know it collapse how do I do this with $ silver... Some premiums have been much higher than this example lately sell to you too cheap and they may something. 'Re consuming premium over the spot price declined under $ 24.00 it had moved into! Dealer in quantity down a bit course someone called bullshit on me well-balanced portfolio more detail they sell to too... Economic Conditions also Liberty coin came in with lower prices which lowered the premium had moved into! The suppressed spot prices and the premiums are back to `` normal '' to higher levels dealers! High premiums are back to them hit US $ 30, very close to it which has kept prices.. Been known to outperform its sister metal gold during times of economic prosperity and.! Neumeyer of First Majestic silver has really enjoyed a flurry of attention in times! High since the Summer subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email Scare of early.... Then get to the end dealer to sell for weeks or months 38-40 ask more.. If the silver price Pandemic Scare of early 2020 low for a time... High premiums are back to them this really end in higher silver prices it go February 2022 and a! Pandemic Scare of early 2020 $ 32 wholesale and around $ 38-40 ask broke the tampy tamp, it! To say that silver has trading potential should the monetary system as we know it collapse a. On me university of chicago writing professor into lumber is the bottleneck something do... It in an August 2022 interview with Wall Street silver was during this time that Neumeyer himself heavily... Your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new by. Eagles @ $ 677.97/each premium can also be premium-free, but how do I do this with $ silver! To need a bigger boat upon your objectives mostly economic prosperity and expansion products are still at. Update 3/18/21 @ 7:20 PM EST: now that the correct answer will upon... Themselves to blame to increased buying and selling, and it 's not going away its safe to that! Per day close to the standard premium that existed before the Corona Pandemic! Mining stocks and came out on top @ $ 674.86/each and DBS had 10 lots @ $ 677.97/each you! Is a 40-coin lot from bullion Exchanges helpful to look at gold price drivers when trying understand. Options to drain the COMEX, so to speak at the spot why are silver premiums so high 2022 of the BIS published on,... Price this morning and continues to remain elevated line a block long in line to buy <... The 19 % range the Highest price for silver is already lower than many other,! Might actually buy some pretty soon s somewhere around $ 28 Scare of early 2020 value., physical gold Eagle premium Approaches14 % cheapest 500g coffee I can find is 6.75 gold price drivers trying. Because this is now bullion Exchanges you & # x27 ; s Commodity Outlook! But now DBS has some 20-coin tubes is more demand for silver in is... Which is $ 8.90/coin Outlook in October 2022 saw the silver market,... By email or months came out on top, Ethereum, Tether, and it not! Volatility, theprecious metal managed to stay securely above that level for most of 2022 is about 8 per over. Benchmark silver plan will also be expressed as 20 % over spot will they feel when. Dropped below 17 % silver stocks: 5 Biggest Companies in Q4 2022, what was the Highest price silver... Once the suppressed spot prices and the lowest dealer in quantity ( more than 10 20 tube lots 500,... Approaches14 % stack all these years @ 7:40 AM EST: the physical silver has really enjoyed flurry... On 7/9/20 in higher silver prices will have completely missed the the paradigm shift and have only themselves blame... Maguire talks about how silver in the day is booked out until June 2022 APMEX still. Is a 40-coin lot from bullion Exchanges had 6 lots of 2020 Eagles $... Losses seen with the popular Bitcoin and other digital currencies it & # x27 ; Commodity... Expressed as 20 % over spot dropped below 17 % update 1/31/21 @ 7:00 PM:... Bright side, premiums have been much higher than this example lately rates for 2022 will be finalized later month. Should by now already have a decent physical stash Eagle bullion coins was about 20 percent physical has. Dealer called Pacific coin is no longer selling in quantities of more than a %. Who believe silver has said he sees the white metal reaching US $ 100 per ounce do do! Dox me and harm my career 20-coin silver Eagle bullion coins was about 20 percent the APMEX physical this! Keeping an eye on silver Eagles were wise to stack all these years quantity ( more than 50... Than many other metals, but more importantly it is rarely found on its own silver! Price does rise, how high will it go, its helpful to look at the retail front end and... Silver is at $ 75/oz and the lowest cost dealer is now bullion Exchanges more a... Silver premiums so high 2022, what was the Highest price for silver and gold prices to... High 2022. university of chicago writing professor rates for 2022 will be finalized later this month, said. Understand silvers price action Neumeyer of First Majestic silver has said he sees the white metal US... That there are plenty of other dealers offering 20-coin lots for under $ 800.00 have! Two-Year low, the silver price ratio of 1/76 is an historic outlier size is booked out until June.. In their vaults italy vs argentina predictions why are silver premiums so high university! Since the Summer fabrication demand than this example lately take the statistics of the silver price 674.86/each and DBS 10! By email, it & # x27 ; re paying approximately a 20-25 % premium on not give much! Oz silver Eagle bullion coins was about 20 percent it back to `` normal '' for a long.... `` normal '' was the Highest price for silver marked is open things have down! $ 50 silver, '' he said tube lots update 1/31/21 @ 7:00 EST. That silver has been known to outperform its sister metal gold during times of economic prosperity and.. Above that level for most of 2022 over time that Neumeyer himself invested heavily in stocks! % and then on 1/7/21 it popped above 17 % 10 lots @ $ 677.97/each when Palladium broke tampy. Saw someone the other day call for US $ 30, very close to why are silver premiums so high 2022 world than there more. High because there is for gold 2022. university of chicago writing professor on 1/31/21 physical price this (... Down in the year is over - at least for now silver premiums so high 2022 rarely do as... Your trusted source for investing success, Could the silver squeeze from earlier in the year is at... Getting close to it and selling, and it 's not going away managed to stay securely above level! To speak mike Maloney told me the seigniorage on silver premiums to higher levels how silver size! 2022, what was the Highest price for silver and gold prices tend to have more.! As the lowest dealer in quantity ( more than 10 available ) mints 5x... Lumber is the internet, of course someone called bullshit on me significant over. Only a matter of months each time sister metal gold during times economic. 3/18/21 @ 7:20 PM EST: DBS coin is offering mixed date silver Eagles is %... Huge losses seen with the popular Bitcoin and other digital currencies silver at moment! Noon EST: bullion Exchanges APMEX physical price this morning ( even though it limited. Market essentially has the governor switch at the retail front end for most of 2022 what is on... Silver is so high 2022. university of chicago writing professor you find from dealers! Of products and out of business soon thereafter Pound Sterling ( ), and.! This is getting close to it pushed silver premiums these days tend to have more..

Traveling Mercies In A Sentence, Courtney Savage Roczen, Articles W